Now that we've all got our heads wrapped around the idea that Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now a reality and is helping us be more productive (rather than taking over the world), in comes quantum computing.
Quantum computing is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, which examines the properties and behaviors of the smallest particles that make up everything around us. When applied to computing, this means utilizing aspects of computer science, physics, and mathematics to solve complex problems faster than on classical computers. To date, no machine has achieved this feat, but experts agree that quantum computing will become a reality for the workforce within the next five years.
Quantum Power
Quantum mechanics has been applied to computing for years, providing the building blocks for GPS systems and MRI technology. Today, researchers are applying the same concepts to information science to increase capacity and speed for imaging, sensing, computing, modeling, and communication.
Quantum computers can perform certain mathematical calculations that are currently impossible for traditional computers, advancing research, creating more defined medical imaging, and speeding intelligence gathering to meet both physical and cyber threats.
Once a quantum computer is developed, it will likely be deployed by the cloud, enabling organizations to combine classical computers with the next-generation power of quantum. This combination can immediately begin making a difference in operations.
Quantum Risk
Like any powerful tool, there is an incredible risk of it being misused. With their speed, quantum computers can easily break existing cryptography such as public keys, SSL, RSA, digital signatures, and more. These systems rely on complex mathematical algorithms that are difficult for traditional computers to unravel, but quantum computers can process a vast number of possibilities simultaneously to break these algorithms.
Government and industry are working together to implement quantum cryptography that can make systems immune to the processes of more powerful computers. Additionally, there is a risk of "record now, decrypt later" attacks where systems are breached using traditional methods today. Then bad actors hold data until they have access to quantum machines to decode it. Ensuring systems are locked down from these traditional hacks while preparing for the next generation is critical.
Preparing for the Quantum Future
Government entities and private industries are working and collaborating to develop post-quantum security protocols and algorithms. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed an initial set of algorithms, ML-KEM, CRYSTALS-Dilithium, and Sphinx Plus, that will enable classical computers to keep data encrypted against quantum-powered computers. In order to utilize these algorithms, agencies must first take a code inventory of existing software and systems (across the supply chain) to ensure the algorithms are properly configured.
Keeping quantum development work proprietary is of critical importance. The FBI National Counterintelligence Task Force's (NCITF) Quantum Information Science Counterintelligence Protection Team (QISCPT) is collaborating with intelligence and security partners to protect quantum information science and technology developed in the U.S., thwarting nation-states and other adversaries' efforts to steal innovations.
To stay on top of quantum developments, check out the resources on GovEvents and GovWhitePapers.
- Quantum Technology Market Update (September 10, 2024; webcast) - This presentation will delve into recent funding trends, key market shifts, prominent players, and emerging themes within the quantum technology landscape.
- 2024 Threat Conference (October 5-8, 2024; Sea Island, GA) - Join national security leaders from government and the private sector to engage in exercises and expert-led conversations on issues including China, Taiwan, Ukraine, Russia, Quantum, AI/ML, Cyber, Emerging Tech, Espionage, Alliances, Digital Transformation, and Foreign Malign Influence.
- OODAcon 2024 (November 6, 2024; Reston, VA) - This event brings together hackers, thinkers, strategists, disruptors, leaders, technologists, and creators with one foot in the future to discuss the most pressing issues of the day and provide insight into the ways technology is evolving.
- Assessing the Benefits and Risks of Quantum Computers (December 10, 2024; webcast) - Join the discussion around the credible expectation that quantum computers will be capable of performing computations that are economically impactful before they will be capable of performing ones that are cryptographically relevant.
- The U.S. Approach to Quantum Policy (white paper) - In the nearly 25 years since the first quantum technology workshops, quantum information science has advanced, and its potential to drive major advances has become more apparent. The U.S. government has rightly recognized that it needs to play an active role in ensuring the nation remains competitive in this critical field.
- Post-Quantum Cryptography for the Public Sector (white paper) - One critical factor that will affect every government agency is the impact of quantum computing on cryptography and data security. Quantum computers threaten the foundation of data architectures that rely on public-key cryptography, which is considered impossible for classical computers to break.
To keep pace with quantum efforts, visit GovEvents and GovWhitePapers.
